Insect pests, particularly Maruca vitrata, significantly impact cowpea production in West Africa, mainly in Burkina Faso. Although chemical control is commonly used, its drawbacks highlight the need for developing a control strategy that combines alternative methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Neem derivatives (oil and aqueous extract of Neem kernel) on the biology of Liragathis javana, a larval parasitoid of M. vitrata. The study was conducted using Neem oil (TopBio) and Neem seed powder. All treatments were repeated 10 times. Neem oil in the mating medium significantly influence the biology of L. javana adults. Exposure of adults to Neem oil resulted in mortality rates of up to 100%. Similarly, Neem oil on the oviposition substrate significantly reduced the rate of parasitism, emergence and larval survival of M. vitrata. The application of aqueous Neem almond extract also had a significant impact on the biology of L. javana. Parasitism and emergence rates of 0% were obtained when aqueous extract was present in the mating medium and applied directly to adults. Considering these results, in an efficient management strategy against M. vitrata, a combination of the parasitoid L. javana and Neem derivatives should be avoided.