Sugarcane yellow leaf is a disease caused by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV). It is a major emerging disease of sugarcane that has been reported in numerous locations including Brazil, Mauritius, Reunion Island, French West Indies, South Africa, Swaziland, Malawi and Zimbabwe. The development of efficient tools to diagnose this disease is important, especially diagnostic methods that are effective both at the laboratory and at field level. This study aims at developing a rapid, sensitive and accurate method for the detection of SCYLV, using the Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) technology. The presence of SCYLV was tested in sugarcane leaf samples by both tissue blot immunoassay (TBIA) and LAMP method. The efficiency of the LAMP technology to detect SCYLV in plants that were grown in CIRAD's quarantine greenhouses and in leaves that were collected from several locations including Reunion Island, Kenya and the French West Indies will be reported. (Texte intégral)