Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a major food cereal in Asian and African countries; grain quality is an essential commercial trait and is becoming a criterion of increasing importance for breeding programmes. The objective of this study was to take advantage of the large diversity of a sorghum core collection to develop NIR spectroscopy calibrations for the most important food grain quality traits (AM, PR, LI, ET and HD). Calibration equations were developed for whole and ground grain.