Awara is a palm tree common in the French Guyana, used for the nutritional properties of the fruit and in the traditional pharmacopoeia of the country. The pulp of this fruit is rich in oil of which the unsaponitiable fraction contains a lot of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of the unsaponitiable fraction of awara pulp oil and to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activities. In a first part, chemical analyses of the unsaponitiable fraction allowed us to determined for 1 mg of unsaponitiable fraction: 6.8 11g of a-tocopherol, 125.7 11g of carotenoids (mainly p-carotene), and 152.6 11g of phytosterols (mainly P-sitosterol). In a second part, the unsaponitiable fraction has shown a significant inhibition of the cyclooxygenase I and 2 activities (COX-I and -2 respectively). On LPS/1 F'Ny-stimulated J774 macrophages, it strongly inhibited the PGE2 production in a dose dependent manner. The unsaponitiable fraction produced a decrease of an important proinflammatory mediator, which might be due by the inhibition of the corresponding enzyme activity showing potential anti-inflammatory properties. These effects could be explained by the presence of antioxidant molecules like tocopherols and carotenoids, and anti-inflammatory molecules like sterols.